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Отмена
721
There
is
a
certainty
in
her
that
refuses
to
relinquish
itself
.
She
has
even
told
me
this
in
so
many
words
:
that
she
knows
her
fixation
is
completely
irrational
and
unhealthy
and
is
making
both
her
and
me
unhappy
.
But
for
some
reason
it
feels
so
right
to
her
that
she
can
t
ignore
it
and
she
can
t
stop
.
722
In
the
mid
-
1990s
,
psychologist
Roy
Baumeister
began
researching
the
concept
of
evil
.
Basically
,
he
looked
at
people
who
do
bad
things
and
at
why
they
do
them
.
723
At
the
time
it
was
assumed
that
people
did
bad
things
because
they
felt
horrible
about
themselves
that
is
,
they
had
low
self
-
esteem
.
One
of
Baumeister
s
first
surprising
findings
was
that
this
was
often
not
true
.
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724
In
fact
,
it
was
usually
the
opposite
.
Some
of
the
worst
criminals
felt
pretty
damn
good
about
themselves
.
And
it
was
this
feeling
good
about
themselves
in
spite
of
the
reality
around
them
that
gave
them
the
sense
of
justification
for
hurting
and
disrespecting
others
.
725
For
individuals
to
feel
justified
in
doing
horrible
things
to
other
people
,
they
must
feel
an
unwavering
certainty
in
their
own
righteousness
,
in
their
own
beliefs
and
deservedness
.
Racists
do
racist
things
because
they
re
certain
about
their
genetic
superiority
.
Religious
fanatics
blow
themselves
up
and
murder
dozens
of
people
because
they
re
certain
of
their
place
in
heaven
as
martyrs
.
Men
rape
and
abuse
women
out
of
their
certainty
that
they
re
entitled
to
women
s
bodies
.
726
Evil
people
never
believe
that
they
are
evil
;
rather
,
they
believe
that
everyone
else
is
evil
.
727
In
controversial
experiments
,
now
simply
known
as
the
Milgram
Experiments
,
named
for
the
psychologist
Stanley
Milgram
,
researchers
told
normal
people
that
they
were
to
punish
other
volunteers
for
breaking
various
rules
.
And
punish
them
they
did
,
sometimes
escalating
the
punishment
to
the
point
of
physical
abuse
.
Almost
none
of
the
punishers
objected
or
asked
for
explanation
.
On
the
contrary
,
many
of
them
seemed
to
relish
the
certainty
of
the
moral
righteousness
bestowed
upon
them
by
the
experiments
.
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728
The
problem
here
is
that
not
only
is
certainty
unattainable
,
but
the
pursuit
of
certainty
often
breeds
more
(
and
worse
)
insecurity
.
729
Many
people
have
an
unshakable
certainty
in
their
ability
at
their
job
or
in
the
amount
of
salary
they
should
be
making
.
But
that
certainty
makes
them
feel
worse
,
not
better
.
They
see
others
getting
promoted
over
them
,
and
they
feel
slighted
.
They
feel
unappreciated
and
underacknowledged
.
730
Even
a
behavior
as
simple
as
sneaking
a
peek
at
your
boyfriend
s
text
messages
or
asking
a
friend
what
people
are
saying
about
you
is
driven
by
insecurity
and
that
aching
desire
to
be
certain
.