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- Лев Толстой
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- Война и мир
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- Стр. 1132/1273
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Scarcely
a
quarter
of
the
soldiers
remain
with
the
standards
of
their
regiments
,
the
others
go
off
by
themselves
in
different
directions
hoping
to
find
food
and
escape
discipline
.
In
general
they
regard
Smolénsk
as
the
place
where
they
hope
to
recover
.
During
the
last
few
days
many
of
the
men
have
been
seen
to
throw
away
their
cartridges
and
their
arms
.
In
such
a
state
of
affairs
,
whatever
your
ultimate
plans
may
be
,
the
interest
of
Your
Majesty
's
service
demands
that
the
army
should
be
rallied
at
Smolénsk
and
should
first
of
all
be
freed
from
ineffectives
,
such
as
dismounted
cavalry
,
unnecessary
baggage
,
and
artillery
material
that
is
no
longer
in
proportion
to
the
present
forces
.
The
soldiers
,
who
are
worn
out
with
hunger
and
fatigue
,
need
these
supplies
as
well
as
a
few
days
'
rest
.
Many
have
died
these
last
days
on
the
road
or
at
the
bivouacs
.
This
state
of
things
is
continually
becoming
worse
and
makes
one
fear
that
unless
a
prompt
remedy
is
applied
the
troops
will
no
longer
be
under
control
in
case
of
an
engagement
.
November
9
:
twenty
miles
from
Smolénsk
.
After
staggering
into
Smolénsk
which
seemed
to
them
a
promised
land
,
the
French
,
searching
for
food
,
killed
one
another
,
sacked
their
own
stores
,
and
when
everything
had
been
plundered
fled
farther
.
They
all
went
without
knowing
whither
or
why
they
were
going
.
Still
less
did
that
genius
,
Napoleon
,
know
it
,
for
no
one
issued
any
orders
to
him
.
But
still
he
and
those
about
him
retained
their
old
habits
:
wrote
commands
,
letters
,
reports
,
and
orders
of
the
day
;
called
one
another
sire
,
mon
cousin
,
prince
d'Eckmühl
,
roi
de
Naples
,
and
so
on
But
these
orders
and
reports
were
only
on
paper
,
nothing
in
them
was
acted
upon
for
they
could
not
be
carried
out
,
and
though
they
entitled
one
another
Majesties
,
Highnesses
,
or
Cousins
,
they
all
felt
that
they
were
miserable
wretches
who
had
done
much
evil
for
which
they
had
now
to
pay
.
And
though
they
pretended
to
be
concerned
about
the
army
,
each
was
thinking
only
of
himself
and
of
how
to
get
away
quickly
and
save
himself
.
The
movements
of
the
Russian
and
French
armies
during
the
campaign
from
Moscow
back
to
the
Niemen
were
like
those
in
a
game
of
Russian
blindman
's
buff
,
in
which
two
players
are
blindfolded
and
one
of
them
occasionally
rings
a
little
bell
to
inform
the
catcher
of
his
whereabouts
.
First
he
rings
his
bell
fearlessly
,
but
when
he
gets
into
a
tight
place
he
runs
away
as
quietly
as
he
can
,
and
often
thinking
to
escape
runs
straight
into
his
opponent
's
arms
.
At
first
while
they
were
still
moving
along
the
Kalúga
road
,
Napoleon
's
armies
made
their
presence
known
,
but
later
when
they
reached
the
Smolénsk
road
they
ran
holding
the
clapper
of
their
bell
tight
--
and
often
thinking
they
were
escaping
ran
right
into
the
Russians
.
Owing
to
the
rapidity
of
the
French
flight
and
the
Russian
pursuit
and
the
consequent
exhaustion
of
the
horses
,
the
chief
means
of
approximately
ascertaining
the
enemy
's
position
--
by
cavalry
scouting
--
was
not
available
.
Besides
,
as
a
result
of
the
frequent
and
rapid
change
of
position
by
each
army
,
even
what
information
was
obtained
could
not
be
delivered
in
time
.
If
news
was
received
one
day
that
the
enemy
had
been
in
a
certain
position
the
day
before
,
by
the
third
day
when
something
could
have
been
done
,
that
army
was
already
two
days
'
march
farther
on
and
in
quite
another
position
.
One
army
fled
and
the
other
pursued
.
Beyond
Smolénsk
there
were
several
different
roads
available
for
the
French
,
and
one
would
have
thought
that
during
their
stay
of
four
days
they
might
have
learned
where
the
enemy
was
,
might
have
arranged
some
more
advantageous
plan
and
undertaken
something
new
.
But
after
a
four
days
'
halt
the
mob
,
with
no
maneuvers
or
plans
,
again
began
running
along
the
beaten
track
,
neither
to
the
right
nor
to
the
left
but
along
the
old
--
the
worst
--
road
,
through
Krásnoe
and
Orshá
.
